Akbermet KUBATBEKOVA & Özgür AKPINAR / AN ANALYSIS OF COMPULSORY TRAFFIC VEHICLE INSURANCE SYSTEMS IN TURKEY AND EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AND A MODEL PROPOSAL

Abstract

This study examines the compulsory traffic vehicle insurance systems in Turkiye and selected European countries such as Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, and Poland. The research focuses on the history, legal framework, premium calculation methods, bonus-malus systems, supervision, and current structure of compulsory traffic insurance in these countries. Statistical data for each country were collected from official insurance institutions and guarantee fund reports, and the findings were analyzed through a comparative approach. First, the current situation of compulsory traffic insurance in Turkiye was examined. The high rate of uninsured vehicles, high loss ratio, unprofitable market, and problems in the pricing process were identified as the main issues. Later, the systems in European countries were studied, showing that wider insurance coverage, financial sustainability, risk-based pricing, and technological innovations (such as black boxes and usage-based insurance) are common practices. Based on these examples, a model proposal for Turkiye was developed to improve the structure and efficiency of the system. The aim of the study is to suggest ways to make Turkey’s com pulsory traffic insurance system more effective and to contribute to academic research in this field.

Keywords

Compulsory traffic Insurance, Bonus-malus System, Comparative Analysis, Uninsured Vehicles

JEL Classification

G20, G22, L10, L50.

How to cite this article: Kubatbekova, A & Akpınar, Ö. (2025). An Analysis of Compulsory Traffic Vehicle Insurance Systems in Turkey and European Countries and a Model Proposal. International Journal of Insurance and Finance, 5(2), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.52898/ijif.2025.6